Inspect body-composition and functional outcomes alongside overall weight change. This guide organizes existing summaries rather than pooling results.
Selected from the completed-summary collection, not a systematic review or exhaustive literature search. Human reports appear first; reviews and preclinical work retain their labels.
Search, filter and compare →Phase 3 randomized trial comparing semaglutide with placebo for metabolic fatty liver inflammation and scarring.
This was a planned interim analysis of the first 800 participants in an ongoing 1197-patient trial planned for 240 weeks.
Randomized trial comparing oral semaglutide with placebo alongside standard care for cardiovascular death, nonfatal heart attack or stroke.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A double-blind randomized trial tested weekly semaglutide plus lifestyle counseling versus placebo for obesity with painful knee osteoarthritis.
Permanent treatment discontinuation was more frequent with semaglutide, most commonly because of gastrointestinal disorders.
A post-hoc pooled participant-level analysis combined four randomized placebo-controlled semaglutide trials to examine heart-failure events.
This was a post-hoc pooled analysis across trials with different entry populations and semaglutide doses.
Randomized comparison of semaglutide with placebo, tracking kidney failure, major kidney-function loss, or kidney-related or cardiovascular death.
The abstract reports an early-stop recommendation following a planned interim analysis.
A prespecified pooled analysis combined individual patient data from two randomized placebo-controlled semaglutide trials in obesity-related HFpEF.
This was a pooled analysis of two trials with defined obesity-related HFpEF eligibility, which limits interpretation outside that population.
Randomized comparison of semaglutide with placebo for symptoms, physical limitations and weight in obesity-related heart failure.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
Randomized trial comparing semaglutide with placebo for major cardiovascular events.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
Randomized comparison of semaglutide with placebo for symptoms, physical limitations and weight in obesity-related heart failure.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A 32-week, double-blind phase 2 trial randomized adults with type 2 diabetes to weekly CagriSema, semaglutide or cagrilintide. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c.
This was a small phase 2 trial with 32 weeks of follow-up; the authors called for larger, longer phase 3 studies.
A double-blind phase 2 trial compared weekly semaglutide with placebo in NASH-related compensated cirrhosis.
The trial enrolled a relatively small group, and gastrointestinal adverse events were more frequent with semaglutide.
A randomized placebo-controlled trial tested weekly semaglutide plus lifestyle intervention in adolescents with obesity or qualifying overweight.
Gastrointestinal adverse events were more frequent with semaglutide, and cholelithiasis occurred only in that group.
Randomized comparison of semaglutide with placebo for long-term weight management, with behavioral intervention in both groups.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
Randomized comparison of weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg with daily liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight loss, alongside diet and physical activity.
The active-drug comparison was unblinded. Semaglutide allowed dose reduction for intolerance; liraglutide required stopping, with an option to restart.
Randomized comparison of three tirzepatide doses with semaglutide 1 mg for blood sugar control.
The trial used an open-label design.
Randomized trial comparing semaglutide with placebo, both with intensive behavioral therapy and an initial low-calorie diet.
The authors called for further research to determine whether the findings persist over time.
Randomized withdrawal trial comparing continued semaglutide with switching to placebo, with lifestyle intervention in both groups.
Only participants who reached the maintenance dose during the initial treatment period were randomized.
Phase 3 randomized trial comparing two semaglutide doses with placebo, alongside lifestyle intervention, for weight management.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
Randomized trial testing semaglutide versus placebo, both alongside lifestyle intervention, over 68 weeks.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
Phase 2 randomized trial comparing daily semaglutide with placebo for fatty liver inflammation and scarring.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
Randomized safety trial comparing oral semaglutide with placebo for cardiovascular death, nonfatal heart attack or stroke.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A 52-week, randomized, double-blind phase 2 trial compared five once-daily semaglutide doses with liraglutide and matched placebo, alongside diet and physical-activity counseling. Percentage weight loss at week 52 was the primary outcome.
No author-stated limitation was included in the abstract. Week-52 weight data were available for 93% of participants, and participants and investigators knew the target dose despite being masked to treatment assignment.
SUSTAIN 7 was a randomized, open-label phase 3b trial comparing weekly semaglutide with dulaglutide; HbA1c and body weight were assessed at week 40.
The study was open-label. Gastrointestinal disorders were the most common reason for discontinuation, and six fatalities occurred across the four groups.
Randomized cardiovascular-safety trial comparing semaglutide with placebo, tracking cardiovascular death, nonfatal heart attack or stroke.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A retrospective comparison of short-term outcomes after knee replacement among people prescribed semaglutide versus tirzepatide.
This prescription-based observational comparison cannot establish equal safety in all surgical patients. Several outcomes were uncommon, reducing precision.
A 16-week retrospective study compared a behavioural weight-management programme alone with programmes including lower or higher amounts of compounded semaglutide.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A retrospective US study compared tirzepatide and semaglutide for asthma flare-ups in adults with asthma and type 2 diabetes.
The authors call for randomized trials to clarify the role of these medicines in asthma.
A propensity-matched observational cohort compared on-treatment weight loss and gastrointestinal adverse events among adults receiving tirzepatide or semaglutide in routine care.
This was an observational on-treatment study with substantial treatment discontinuation, so it cannot establish comparative causal effects.
OASIS 1 tested daily oral semaglutide 50 mg plus lifestyle intervention against placebo plus lifestyle intervention for 68 weeks.
Gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in 80% of semaglutide participants versus 46% with placebo. The trial population excluded people with type 2 diabetes.
A retrospective matched cohort assessed whether prescribed semaglutide was associated with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.
The observational single-institution design cannot establish causality, and the authors called for further study.
A mathematical model explored why people with type 2 diabetes may lose less weight during semaglutide treatment.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
This full-text EASL-EASD-EASO guideline updated definitions, screening, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment recommendations for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Recommendations combined graded evidence with expert consensus; some guidance was created despite limited supporting literature.
Clinical guideline covering prevention, diagnosis and treatment of fatty liver disease linked to metabolic risk factors.
The guideline states that no disease-targeted drug could then be recommended for the cirrhotic stage.
A prespecified SELECT analysis examined long-term weight, body measurements, safety and tolerability with semaglutide versus placebo.
Trial-product discontinuation was increased with semaglutide and rose as BMI class decreased.
Exploratory follow-up after semaglutide or placebo and the accompanying lifestyle intervention were stopped.
The extension was exploratory and included a subset of treatment completers. Both medication and lifestyle intervention were discontinued.
T-BEAT is an ongoing observational comparison of tirzepatide and oral semaglutide in early type 2 diabetes in Japan. The primary outcome is average blood-sugar change over up to 12 months.
The study was still in progress; comparative effectiveness results were not yet presented.
A lifetime disease model compared semaglutide plus diet and exercise with diet and exercise alone, estimating health outcomes and carbon emissions.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A short review examined current and emerging medicines for adolescent obesity.
Evidence for tirzepatide and CagriSema in adolescents remained limited. The authors call for longer-term, comparative and paediatric safety studies.
Neural-pathway experiments examined how semaglutide-responsive brain circuits influence feeding, ketone production and energy use.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A meta-analysis compared semaglutide with placebo in adults with overweight or obesity, with or without type 2 diabetes. Death by suicide was primary; attempts, thoughts and overall suicidal events were secondary outcomes.
The authors rated evidence certainty very low for every outcome because of imprecision and indirectness.
Evidence review of approved anti-obesity medicines and investigational drugs, updating prior work with Medline and Embase searches.
Searches covered selected date windows and the pipeline search was updated through June 4, 2022. This synthesis is not one comparative trial, and the authors emphasized scarce long-term outcome evidence.
Whether a lower-dose compounded semaglutide program was associated with fewer reported side effects than a higher-dose program during the first 16 weeks.
This was retrospective and compared two compounded-drug programs paired with behavioral support. Association does not prove that dose alone caused the difference, and the abstract does not report weight-loss outcomes.
Tirzepatide for high blood glucose that developed during pasireotide treatment for a hormone-producing pituitary tumor.
A single case cannot establish comparative effectiveness. The authors call for studies comparing the result with intensified GLP-1 therapy.
Changes in small nerve fibers and neuropathy measurements after semaglutide treatment.
A single case cannot establish neuropathy reversal or distinguish a direct drug effect from improved metabolism. The unchanged symptoms are an important limit.
An expert-panel review of resmetirom and semaglutide in metabolic liver disease with significant fibrosis.
The proposed care framework is expected to change as long-term outcome data become available. It should not be read as new experimental proof for combining the medicines.
A review assessed semaglutide and tirzepatide research in metabolic fatty liver disease and its inflammatory form, MASH.
Long-term studies are still needed to establish durability, safety and effects on major liver-related clinical outcomes.
A narrative review examined semaglutide and papillary thyroid cancer, including cancer development, progression and laboratory mechanisms.
Detection bias and obesity-related confounding affect the risk signals. Further prospective research specific to cancer subtype is needed.
A narrative review examined behavioural, family, psychological and medication approaches to childhood obesity.
Different study methods and a lack of direct comparisons prevented formal drug ranking. Psychological outcomes were infrequently assessed.
Abstract-based narrative review of incretin weight-loss drugs and whether resistance exercise could help preserve lean mass; it did not test a new intervention or comparator.
No direct trial of resistance exercise during incretin therapy is presented; the exercise recommendation is the authors’ proposal, so preservation during treatment remains untested here.
Review of current and pipeline obesity medicines, emphasizing GLP-1 and combinations with GIP, glucagon, or amylin. It does not report one intervention, comparator, or follow-up period.
The abstract gives no review-selection methods, study counts, or formal quality assessment. Its statement that early pipeline data may exceed tirzepatide is not a head-to-head finding, so methodological quality remains unassessed.
Clinical review of behavioral, nutritional, exercise, medication and procedural approaches to adult obesity.
The review notes that maintaining long-term weight loss is difficult.
Narrative review integrating metabolic, inflammatory, immune and antifibrotic treatment targets for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.
This is a mechanistic review, not a comparative clinical trial. The authors identify disease heterogeneity and divergent drivers as obstacles to finding broadly effective treatments; no author-stated methodological limitation appears in the abstract.
This full-text narrative review and secondary analysis synthesized preclinical work, phase 2 data, and the SURPASS 1-5 trials of tirzepatide for type 2 diabetes.
This was a review, not one randomized trial. Cardiovascular analyses had few events, and the added contribution of GIP-receptor agonism remained uncertain.
This review described barriers to oral peptide delivery and strategies including permeation enhancers, gut-enzyme inhibitors, and mucus- or cell-penetrating peptides.
This was a broad review rather than a comparative intervention trial, and the abstract did not provide quantitative efficacy or safety outcomes.
Researchers examined whether reports linking semaglutide to a type of optic-nerve injury reflected reporting patterns or drug effects.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
A design report described a multilingual phone app for medication information, reminders and record-keeping.
Independent evaluation of usability, recognition accuracy, medication understanding, adherence and clinical effects is needed.
Whether PDE10A inhibitors could limit weight gain, including after stopping semaglutide.
These mouse experiments do not establish weight-maintenance benefits in humans. The abstract does not report adverse-event results.
Researchers investigated a combined cell-death process in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model, including how semaglutide affects the process.
Study limitations were not stated in the abstract. Methodological quality has not been appraised.
This preclinical study examined how semaglutide affected food intake, food preference, body weight, brain access and neural signaling.
This was mechanistic preclinical research. It does not establish the same neural effects, weight response or safety in humans, and methodological quality was not appraised.
This preclinical discovery program sought a once-weekly GLP-1 analogue with stronger albumin binding and stability against metabolic degradation.
This abstract provides preclinical pharmacology, not evidence of human effectiveness or safety; semaglutide was still in phase 3 testing at publication.